| Pass
Laboratories, Inc. was founded in 1991 by Nelson Pass.
Operating out of his shop at home, Pass developed prototypes
of a single-ended Class A amplifier design. At the same
time, he and Mike Burley were constructing an in-house
machine shop with three home-built CNC milling machines
with which to produce the amplifiers when the design
was finished.
The
first product, the Aleph 0, shipped in 1992. It was
a mono-block design rated at 70 watts into 8 ohms,
and was unique in using three gain stages of power
Mosfets including a push-pull output stage biased
by a big constant current source. The amplifier operated
as single-ended Class A up to its 70 watt rating and
in push pull Class A at higher wattage.
The
amplifier was highly acclaimed, and was called the
“Amplifier of the Decade” in Stereophile
magazine.
At
this time, Nelson hired his next-door neighbor, Elena
Tong, to help with producing the amplifiers, and she
manages much of the company to this day.
A
stereo version called the Aleph 0s followed after,
along with a preamp called the Aleph P. A larger version
of the Aleph 0 called the Aleph 1 shipped the following
year, and was a mono-block rated at 150 watts.
In
1994 Pass Labs released a newer Aleph design which
simplified the circuit from three gain stages down
to only two stages and used a newly patented power
current source to bias the single-ended output stage.
The new circuitry was incorporated into a revision
of the Aleph 1, the 200 watt Aleph 1.2, and smaller
models, the 100 watt Aleph 2.
In
1994 Nelson was joined by Wayne Colburn, who began
working on improved version of the preamp and on a
new phono stage. The company received two patents
this year, one of them the design that became the
SuperSymmetric circuit in use today.
In
1995, the 30 watt Aleph 3 and Aleph L preamp were
released. Also in 1995 the Joseph Sammut left his
position at Krell and became operations chief at Pass
labs. The following year he was followed by designer
Desmond Harrington.
In
1997 Wayne Colburn’s efforts bore fruit in the
revised Aleph P, the Aleph Ono phono stage, and the
D1 digital to analog converter.
By
1995 the company had outgrown Nelson’s buildings,
and a building was begun in a new location. In 1997
Pass Labs moved out of Nelson’s shop space and
into a new facility in Foresthill. By then, even more
space was needed, and was leased for storage elsewhere.
Nelson’s original shop continues to house research.
In
1998 the company released the X1000, the first amplifier
using the patented SuperSymmetric topology. The X1000
achieved 1000 watts with high performance, local feedback
and only two gain stages: a cascoded differential
pair of transistors and a large bank of complementary
output followers. This ground breaking design has
formed the amplifier products from Pass Labs to the
present day.
The
X1000 also introduced Desmond Harrington’s signature
mechanical design work. The X1000 was followed by
the mono-block X600, the stereo X350, and the stereo
X250 and X150 models.
In
1998 and 1999, Wayne’s preamplifiers X0, X1,
and Xono were released, and Joe Sammut became the
President of Pass Labs, freeing Nelson to devote all
his time to product.
In
2001 Pass Labs shipped the XVR1 active crossover and
X2.5 preamplifier.
In
2002 the first XA amplifiers were released, combining
the X and Aleph topologies into balanced single-ended
Class A amplifiers with many of the characteristics
of both the X and Aleph series. The XA200 was rated
at 200 watts mono, the XA160 was 160 watts.
In
2003 the company produced the X150.5, the first major
improvement of the X150 amplifier, and followed it
with “.5” revisions to the other X amplifiers
through 2003 and 2005.
In
2007 Pass Labs is applying the “.5” advances
to the XA series of amplifiers, with the XA100.5,
XA60.6, and XA30.5 shipping as of this writing. These
revisions dramatically lower distortion and noise
and also dramatically improved the performance of
the amplifiers into low impedance loads.
Also
in 2007, Desmond Harrington assumed responsibility
as President of the company. Nelson and Wayne continue
development work, Joe manages sales and marketing,
and Elena and Kent English manage the rest of the
company. All these people still like each other, and
sit in the same office everyday. This way they can
all can hear everything that’s going on, laughing
about most of it. |